Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a common hormonal condition in women of reproductive age. In May 2026 an international expert consensus, published in The Lancet, renamed it polyendocrine metabolic ovarian syndrome (PMOS), because it involves the hormones and metabolism as well as the ovaries, and many women do not have true cysts. Doctors are moving to the new name over the next few years, and diagnosis and care stay the same for now, so you will see both names. It often shows up as irregular periods, and it can bring other changes such as acne, extra hair growth or weight gain. A diagnosis needs a doctor's assessment, usually with an ultrasound and blood tests.
Common Signs
- Periods that are irregular, infrequent or absent.
- Excess hair on the face or body, or scalp hair thinning.
- Acne or oily skin.
- Weight gain, especially around the abdomen.
- Difficulty conceiving.
- Darkening of skin in folds such as the neck.
When to See a Doctor Promptly
- No period for three months or more.
- Very heavy bleeding or severe pelvic pain.
- Symptoms that began suddenly or are getting worse.
- You are planning a pregnancy, because early advice helps.
In an emergency, go to the nearest hospital.
What Dr. Arpana Highlights
Dr. Arpana describes PCOS as a hormonal imbalance in which male hormones are higher than usual. Ovulation does not happen properly, and small cysts can form around the ovaries. This is why the first signs are often trouble conceiving and irregular periods: either very frequent, even every 15 days with heavy bleeding, or very delayed, every two to six months with scanty bleeding. Extra hair growth on the face and body and weight gain are common, although some women with PCOS are thin.
She points to genetics, and above all to diet, lifestyle and stress as the main influences. Her four pillars of everyday care are:
- Diet: choose low-glycaemic foods, such as seeds (flax, chia, sesame, sunflower), dark green leafy vegetables, curd and, if you eat fish, omega-3-rich fish. Cut down on added sugar, confectionery, hydrogenated oils, packaged and processed food, alcohol and smoking.
- Exercise: moderate activity such as brisk walking, jogging or swimming, and hobbies that keep you moving and relaxed, like gardening or cooking.
- Weight: hormonal imbalance in PCOS is linked to insulin resistance, so managing weight helps protect against diabetes, high blood pressure and heart disease later.
- Stress: meditation and yoga can help, because stress disturbs the body's hormonal rhythm.
Homeopathy is used alongside your doctor's care, and no outcome is promised.
Frequently Asked Questions
How is PCOS diagnosed?
Doctors usually combine your history, an examination, an ultrasound and hormone and blood sugar tests. Bring any recent reports.
Does PCOS affect the chances of pregnancy?
It can make ovulation irregular, so some women need support to conceive. A doctor can guide you.
Do food and exercise matter?
Yes. Regular activity, balanced meals and healthy sleep matter in PCOS. Dr. Arpana can guide you alongside your doctor's advice.
You can book a consultation or read the frequently asked questions. This page is for general education and is not a substitute for personal medical advice.